營(yíng)養(yǎng)相關(guān)英文詞匯-2腸內(nèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)

營(yíng)養(yǎng)相關(guān)英文詞匯小結(jié)Chapter 59 Enteral Nutrition腸內(nèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)1. Enteral nutrition (EN)腸內(nèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)2.delivery of nutrients by tube or mouth into the GI tract營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)通過(guò)管飼或者口服途徑進(jìn)入消化道3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY病理生理學(xué)4. Digestion and absorption消化和吸收5. stepwise conversion逐步轉(zhuǎn)換6. Mechanical process機(jī)械途徑7. Enzymatic process酶解途徑8. physicochemical process物理化學(xué)途徑9. molecular forms分子形式10. across the intestinal cell membrane穿過(guò)腸細(xì)胞膜11. systemic circulation循環(huán)系統(tǒng)12. portal venous門(mén)靜脈13. splanchnic lymphatic systems內(nèi)臟淋巴系統(tǒng)14. biliary tract膽道系統(tǒng)15. functional immaturity功能不成熟16. neonatal gut新生兒腸道17. protein-energy malnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)-能量營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良18. functioning GI tract消化道功能正常19. enteral access腸內(nèi)給藥途徑20.neoplastic disease腫瘤21.organ failure器官衰竭22.hypermetabolic states高代謝狀態(tài)23. GI disease消化道疾病24.neurologic impairment神經(jīng)功能缺損25. absolute contraindications絕對(duì)禁忌癥26. mechanical obstruction機(jī)械梗阻27. necrotizing enterocolitis壞死性小腸結(jié)腸炎28. Conditions that challenge the success of EN影響EN成功實(shí)施的情況29.severe diarrhea嚴(yán)重腹瀉30.protracted vomiting持續(xù)嘔吐31.enteric fistulas腸瘺32.severe GI hemorrhage嚴(yán)重消化道出血33.intestinal dysmotility腸道動(dòng)力障礙34. preferred method優(yōu)選方法35. critically ill patients重病患者36. maintaining GI tract structure and function保持消化道結(jié)構(gòu)及功能37. fewer metabolic, infectious, and technical complications代謝性、感染性、機(jī)械性并發(fā)癥更少38. lower costs花費(fèi)更少39. optimal time to initiate EN啟動(dòng)腸內(nèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)的時(shí)機(jī)40. provide calories, macronutrients, and micronutrients提供能量、宏?duì)I養(yǎng)素、微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素41. different indications不同適應(yīng)癥42. tube placement options管飼放置位置選擇43. anticipated duration of use預(yù)期使用時(shí)間44. the feeding site喂養(yǎng)位置45. stomach胃46. small bowel小腸47. Short-term access短期應(yīng)用48. patient discomfort患者不適49. long-term complications長(zhǎng)期并發(fā)癥50. mechanical failure機(jī)械失敗51. nasogastric (stomach)鼻胃管52. least expensive花費(fèi)最少53. least labor-intensive不費(fèi)勞力54. impaired gastric emptying胃排空障礙55. at risk for aspiration and pneumonia有誤吸及肺炎的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)56.nasoduodenal(duodenum)鼻腸管（十二指腸）57. nasojejunal (jejunum)鼻空腸管（空腸）58. gastrostomy胃造口術(shù)59. general stoma care一般造口護(hù)理60. gastrostomy exit site胃造口出口61. prevent inflammation and infection防止炎癥及感染62. jejunostomy空腸造口術(shù)63. ga

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