首頁資訊健康信念和社會支持對青少年體育鍛煉影響的調(diào)查分析

健康信念和社會支持對青少年體育鍛煉影響的調(diào)查分析

來源：泰然健康網(wǎng) 時間：2025年07月10日 16:03

（上海杉達學(xué)院體育教研室，上海 201209）

摘      要：從健康信念與社會支持出發(fā)，探討二者對青少年體育鍛煉的影響。采用修訂的體質(zhì)健康信念量表、青少年社會支持量表和體育活動等級量表，對1 945名13～18歲學(xué)生(男747名，女1 198名)進行調(diào)查。結(jié)果表明：青少年具備相對合理的體質(zhì)健康信念和社會支持，但鍛煉狀況卻不能讓人滿意(強度小、持續(xù)時間短)。體質(zhì)健康信念、社會支持和體育鍛煉在青少年人口統(tǒng)計學(xué)性別和年級變量上存在差異，其中，女生社會支持水平高于男生，而男生體質(zhì)健康信念和體育鍛煉優(yōu)于女生；預(yù)備班女生體質(zhì)健康信念最高，男生鍛煉持續(xù)時間最長；高二男生鍛煉強度和頻率最高；低年級女生鍛煉持續(xù)時間優(yōu)于高年級女生。體質(zhì)健康信念、社會支持對體育鍛煉的回歸效應(yīng)皆顯著；在社會支持基礎(chǔ)上，體質(zhì)健康信念對體育鍛煉回歸效應(yīng)顯著，即社會支持在體質(zhì)健康信念解釋體育鍛煉時具備部分中介效應(yīng)。結(jié)論：體質(zhì)健康信念和社會支持是影響青少年鍛煉堅持性的重要變量；培養(yǎng)體質(zhì)健康認知和信念、給予足夠的社會支持，是促進青少年積極、自主參與體育鍛煉的一個有效途徑。
關(guān)  鍵  詞：運動心理學(xué)；體質(zhì)健康；體育鍛煉；健康信念；社會支持；青少年
中圖分類號：G804.8    文獻標志碼：A    文章編號：1006-7116(2017)03-0115-08

Investigation and analysis of the influence of health belief and social support on teenager physical exercise
DONG Bao-lin

（Department of Physical Education，Shanghai Sanda University，Shanghai 201209，China)

Abstract: Starting with health belief and social support, the author probed into their influence on teenager physical exercise. By using the revised Physical Health Belief Scale, and Teenager Social Support Scale, the au-thor investigated 1 945 students aged 13-18 (747 males, 1 198 females). The results indicated the followings: the teenagers had relatively rational physical health belief and social support, but their exercise condition was barely satisfactory (low intensity, short duration); physical health belief, social support and physical exercise were dif-ferent in terms of the gender and grade variables in teenager demography, therein, the female students’ social support level was higher than the male students’, while the male students’ physical health belief and physical ex-ercise were better than the female students’; in preparatory classes, the female students had the highest health be-lief, while the male students had the longest exercise duration; male sophomores had the highest exercise inten-sity and frequency; female junior students’ exercise duration was better than female senior students’; the regres-sion effects of physical health belief and social support on physical exercise were significant; on the basis of so-cial support, the regression effect of physical health belief on physical exercise was significant, i.e. social support had a partial mediating effect when physical health belief explained physical exercise. Conclusions: Physical health belief and social support are important variables that affect teenagers’ exercise persistence; cultivating physical health cognition and belief, and giving adequate social support, is an effective way to promote teenagers to participate in physical exercise in an active and autonomic way.
Key words: sports psychology；physical health；physical exercise；health belief；social support；teenager