高齡孕婦的心理健康狀態(tài)調(diào)查及其危險(xiǎn)因素分析

Analysis of psychological health status and related risk factors among older pregnant women

The first maternal and child health hospital of Huizhou City, Guangdong Province 516000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的 探討高齡孕婦的心理健康狀態(tài)調(diào)查及其危險(xiǎn)因素分析。方法 回顧性分析2014年3月-2016年3月,惠州市第一婦幼保健院確診治療的高齡孕婦200例的臨床資料,采用焦慮自評(píng)量表(SAS)評(píng)估焦慮狀態(tài),采用抑郁自評(píng)量表(SDS)評(píng)估抑郁狀態(tài),依據(jù)是否存在焦慮或抑郁分為不良組和健康組,采用單因素分析法分析心理健康狀態(tài)的影響因素,采用Logistics多因素分析法篩選其危險(xiǎn)因素,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析所有孕婦焦慮、抑郁、文化程度、年齡、孕周、孕次、產(chǎn)次、流產(chǎn)史、妊娠并發(fā)癥等情況。結(jié)果 本次調(diào)查中,有焦慮情緒者114例,焦慮率為57.00%,有抑郁情緒者69例,抑郁率為34.50%,焦慮或抑郁情況者有134例,不良心理狀態(tài)率67.00%。單因素結(jié)果顯示,不良組孕婦的孕晚期率、經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦率、流產(chǎn)史、妊娠并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率明顯高于健康組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);Logistics多因素分析法結(jié)果顯示,孕晚期、經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦、流產(chǎn)史、妊娠并發(fā)癥是高齡孕婦不良心理狀態(tài)的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 孕晚期、經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦、流產(chǎn)史、妊娠并發(fā)癥與高齡孕婦的心理健康狀態(tài)有關(guān),也是后者的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,提示醫(yī)師應(yīng)積極加強(qiáng)對(duì)上述人群的心理干預(yù),以改善高齡孕婦的心理狀態(tài)。

Abstract: Objective To explore the psychological health status and its risk factors among older pregnant women.Methods 200 patients older pregnant women cured in the first maternal and child health hospital of Huizhou City from Match 2014 to Match 2016 were selected.Self-evaluation of the anxiety scale (SAS) was used to assess the state of anxiety,depression self rating scale (SDS) was used to assess depression.According to anxiety or depression,all the women were divided into negative group and healthy group.Single factor method was used to analyze the influence factors of the mental health status,logistics multi-factor analysis was used to screen the risk factors,and the related factors contained pregnant women anxiety,depression,degree of culture,age,gestational age,pregnancy time,production time,history of abortion,pregnancy complications,and so on.Results The anxiety rate was 57.00%(n=114),and the depression rate was 34.50%(n=69),134 cases were anxiety or depression,the adverse psychological state rate was 67.00%.Single factor analysis showed that negative group had higher rate in late pregnancy,multipara,history of abortion,pregnancy complications than those in healthy group,and the difference was statistical significant (P<0.05);Logistics multi-factor analysis showed late pregnancy,multipara,history of abortion,pregnancy complications were independent risk factors for adverse psychological state of pregnant women (P<0.05).Conclusions Late pregnancy,multipara,history of abortion and pregnancy complications were related to mental health state of the pregnant women,and they were the independent risk factors.Physicians should strengthen the psychological intervention of pregnant women actively,and help to improve the psychological status of older pregnant women.

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